2. Back Up Files
Frequency: Daily to weekly
The only way to ensure that your files will remain for all eternity is to back them up to another location such as to a server, or onto backup media, such as a CD, DVD, or external drive. Backing up files also allows you to free up extra hard disk space if needed.
You can back up your files manually by simply copying files to a server or removable media, or burning them onto a disc. Or you can use software, such as Backup (available to .Mac members), to help you do the deed.
If you're backing up files that change or get updated often (such as email files and contacts), you can copy your backup file over the preexisting one, or label your file with a date to avoid confusion. If you create a lot of new files on a daily basis, be sure that you back up your files frequently.
What to Back Up
You don't need to back up everything on your hard drive, such as system stuff and applications, but do remember to back up anything that cannot be easily replaced, such as the following:
- Any files you create within an application, such as your resume, movie projects, reports, slideshows, recorded songs, brochures, your prize-winning fruitcake recipe, and whatnot.
- Your email account files, including mailboxes, contacts, and account settings. The file locations will vary, depending on the application you use. If you're using Mail, back up the Mail folder in the Library folder inside your Home folder (~/Library/Mail). For other email clients, check the Documents folder in your Home folder for a folder named after your application, or elsewhere.
- Your web browser bookmarks. If you're using Safari, back up the Bookmarks.plist file in the Safari folder in the Library folder inside your Home folder (~/Library/Safari/Bookmarks.plist).
- Your fonts. You don't need to back up any of the fonts that are installed with Mac OS X—just copy the fonts that you brought into the system. Be sure to look in both of these Fonts folder locations:
- /Library/Fonts
- ~/Library/Fonts
- Your iTunes Music folder in your Home folder (~/Music/iTunes/iTunes Music). If you have the original CDs, you needn't back up those albums or songs (unless you don't want to rip the files again), but you should back up any songs and albums you buy from the iTunes Store.
- Your photos. If you're using iPhoto, back up your iPhoto Library folder (~/Pictures/iPhoto Library). If you've got image files scattered around your hard drive, use Spotlight to search for .jpg, .tif, and other image file formats.
- Software that you purchased from the Internet. Yes, we did say not to back up applications, but in this case, you will need to if the application was not installed from a tangible form of media. If possible, back up the installer instead of the application itself.
- Your contacts. If you use Address Book, back up the AddressBook folder in your Home folder (~/Library/Application Support/AddressBook). If you're using an email client with a built-in contact manager, be sure that you locate and back up the appropriate file.
- Bank records and other financial information.
- Don't forget stuff on your Desktop (this area can easily be overlooked).
- If you share your Mac with other users, don't forget to log in to their accounts (or have them do it) and back up their files (you can't back up files from another user account while logged in to your own account).
What Not to Back Up
You don't need to back up applications or any files that can be reinstalled from your Software Install disc (Mac OS X system stuff and Apple applications included with your computer). If you ever need to restore or reinstall software on your computer, it's better to install them from the original installer—not a backup copy.